Pass the NLN Nursing Education Program NEX Questions and answers with Dumpstech

This question assesses understanding of the median, which is the middle value when data are ordered from least to greatest. First, list the refunds in ascending order:

$500, $500, $857, $1,500, $2,500, $3,000, $6,753.

There are seven values total, so the median is the fourth value in the ordered list. The fourth value is $1,500. Therefore, option D is correct. Option B represents the mode (most frequent value), not the median. Options A and C are averages or midpoints that do not correspond to the true median position. On the NEX exam, students are frequently tested on distinguishing mean, median, and mode, so remembering that the median is strictly positional—not calculated—is essential.

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This is a ratio and proportion problem. The given ratio is 5 grams of acid for every 3 liters of water. First determine how many groups of 3 liters are in 24 liters: 24 ÷ 3 = 8. Each group requires 5 grams of acid, so multiply: 8 × 5 = 40 grams. Therefore, option C is correct. Option D results from dividing instead of multiplying. Option B is excessively large and unrealistic. Ratio problems on the NEX require identifying the scaling factor before multiplying.

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a ring of smooth muscle located at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach. Its primary function is to prevent gastric contents, including acid, from flowing back into the esophagus. The LES contracts to keep the stomach contents contained and relaxes to allow food to enter the stomach during swallowing. Dysfunction of the LES can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The esophageal muscularis helps move food, the upper esophageal sphincter controls entry into the esophagus, and the angle of His is an anatomical feature rather than a muscular valve. The NEX Science exam frequently tests digestive system physiology and reflux prevention mechanisms.

Codominance occurs when two different alleles are both expressed in a heterozygous organism. In this case, the red and white alleles combine to produce an intermediate pink phenotype. Non-disjunction refers to chromosome separation errors, multiple alleles involve more than two allele types, and mutations involve DNA changes. The NEX Science exam frequently tests inheritance patterns, including codominance and incomplete dominance.

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Region 4 in the diagram corresponds to the large intestine. The primary function of the large intestine is the absorption of water and electrolytes from undigested food material. This process helps concentrate waste material into feces before elimination. Assimilation of fatty acids and synthesis of triglycerides occur primarily in the small intestine, especially within intestinal epithelial cells. Hydrolysis of proteins occurs mainly in the stomach and small intestine through the action of enzymes such as pepsin and proteases. The NEX Science exam often tests digestive system function by matching specific organs to their primary processes. Since water absorption is the defining function of the large intestine, option B is correct.

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Structure number 1 in the diagram represents the lens of the eye. The lens plays a crucial role in focusing incoming light onto the retina so that clear images can be formed. It changes shape through a process called accommodation, allowing the eye to focus on objects at varying distances. Protection from debris is mainly the function of the cornea, eyelids, and eyelashes. Regulation of light entering the eye is controlled by the iris, which adjusts the size of the pupil. Picking up light stimuli is the role of rods and cones located in the retina. Because the lens is responsible for bending and focusing light precisely onto the retina, option A is correct. The NEX Science exam frequently tests the relationship between eye structures and their functions, particularly focusing mechanisms.

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This question requires interpreting data from a table, a common skill tested on the NEX Science exam. Looking specifically at the column for toddlers, the amino acid with the highest listed requirement (measured in milligrams per kilogram of body mass per day) is leucine. Although lysine, valine, and phenylalanine with tyrosine are also required in significant amounts, leucine has the highest numerical value for toddlers. Leucine is an essential amino acid that plays a critical role in growth, tissue repair, and muscle protein synthesis, which are especially important during early childhood when rapid growth occurs. Because toddlers are in a phase of accelerated development, higher amounts of certain amino acids are required compared to adults. The key to answering this question correctly is careful comparison of the numerical values within the toddler column, not overall trends across all age groups.

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Healthcare inequity occurs when certain groups receive fewer resources or lower-quality care than others. Filtering water for only one segment of a community creates unequal access to a basic health necessity, increasing health risks for those excluded. The other options promote fairness and equal access to care. The NEX Science exam often evaluates understanding of social determinants of health and ethical principles, making option C the clearest example of inequity.

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Negative feedback occurs when a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change, helping maintain homeostasis. When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas releases insulin, which promotes glucose uptake by cells and lowers blood glucose back to normal levels. This is a classic example of negative feedback. Option B is incorrect because thyroxine increases metabolism, not decreases it. Options A and D do not clearly demonstrate a direct feedback loop restoring balance. The NEX Science exam often highlights glucose regulation as a key example of negative feedback because it clearly illustrates cause-and-effect relationships within endocrine control systems.

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An ionic bond forms when one atom completely transfers one or more electrons to another atom. This typically occurs between a metal and a nonmetal, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions that attract each other. In contrast, covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons. Non-polar covalent bonds share electrons equally, while polar covalent bonds share electrons unequally. Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between molecules, not true electron-sharing or transfer bonds. The NEX Science exam frequently assesses basic chemistry principles related to bonding and molecular interactions. Because only ionic bonds involve a complete transfer of electrons, option D is correct.

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