Pass the Real Estate Maryland Real Estate Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson Questions and answers with Dumpstech

In real estate terminology taught in the course:

Land = the earth’s surface down to the center and upward to infinity, including permanently attached natural objects (trees, minerals, water).

Real estate = land plus improvements (man-made attachments such as buildings, fences).

The cost approach to appraisal is based on the principle of substitution, which assumes that a buyer will not pay more for a property than it would cost to purchase a similar site and construct a comparable building with equal utility.

The process involves:

Estimating the value of the land as if vacant,

Estimating the current cost to reproduce or replace the improvements,

Subtracting depreciation (physical, functional, or external), and

Adding the land value to the depreciated improvement cost.Thus, the cost approach measures the cost to acquire the land and construct a reproduction or replacement of the improvements—making option A correct.

The net to seller calculation determines how much the seller will receive after the broker’s commission and other costs are deducted from the sales price.

The correct formula is:

Net to Seller = Sales Price × (100% - Commission Rate)

For example, if a home sells for $300,000 and the commission rate is 6%, the seller’s net before other expenses is:

$300,000 × (100% - 6%) = $300,000 × 94% = $282,000.

This formula is a required competency under the Math for Real Estate and Practical Applications unit of the Maryland pre-licensing course.

The course’s antitrust module identifies group boycotts as agreements among competitors to refuse to deal with a particular person or firm, thereby restraining trade. By contrast:

Option B describes a tying arrangement;

Option C is market allocation;

In Maryland, when a new salesperson applicant identifies a supervising broker on the license application, the applicant receives an active license.

An inactive license is issued only if no broker is designated.

An active license authorizes the salesperson to conduct real estate activities under the supervision of the sponsoring broker, in compliance with MREC rules.

The Fair Housing Act of 1968 (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act) prohibits discrimination in housing-related transactions and targets discriminatory practices including blockbusting (inducing sales by suggesting the entry of protected classes), steering (directing clients to or from areas based on protected characteristics), and redlining (denying or varying terms for loans or insurance based on neighborhood demographics).

Marital status, sexual orientation, and source of income are not federal protected classes in the 1968 Act’s original text; however, Maryland law provides broader protections at the state level.

References (Maryland Pre-Licensing Core Content):

Maryland 60-Hour Course: “Fair Housing and Ethics” (federal protected classes; prohibited practices—blockbusting, steering, redlining).

Federal Fair Housing Act (Title VIII) concepts as taught in the Maryland curriculum; Maryland Human Relations Law adds state protections.

In Maryland, agency exists when a licensee represents a client under a brokerage agreement. If the seller has a written listing agreement with a broker, the seller is the client.

An unrepresented buyer is considered a customer, not a client. The licensee owes customers limited duties—honesty, fair dealing, and disclosure of material facts—but does not owe fiduciary duties such as loyalty, confidentiality, or obedience.

Therefore, in this case, the seller is the only client.

Under Maryland Real Estate Brokers Act §17-530 and COMAR 09.11.02.08, dual agency is permitted only when informed, written consent is obtained from both buyer and seller. When licensees operate as part of a team, the broker (or office manager acting as the broker’s designee) may appoint intra-company agents (ICAs) from within that team to represent each party.

The broker or manager then acts as the dual agent, overseeing both sides without providing direct representation to either. This structure preserves confidentiality and compliance with Maryland’s agency disclosure requirements.

Interest is the cost of borrowing money, expressed as a rate applied to the outstanding principal. Principal is the loan amount itself. Discount points are prepaid finance charges used to adjust the loan’s yield/interest rate. Usury refers to charging an illegally high interest rate, not the ordinary charge itself.

The estates module distinguishes freehold estates (ownership for an indefinite/indeterminable duration, such as fee simple or life estates) from leasehold estates (possession for a definite, limited term under a lease, such as estate for years or periodic tenancy). “Homestead” is a protective legal concept, not a duration type. Therefore, ownership for an indeterminable length of time is a freehold estate.