Pass the Cisco CCNP Enterprise 350-401 Questions and answers with Dumpstech

A next-generation firewall protects against more than basic IP, port, and protocol violations. Its key value is application visibility and control. In a data center, an NGFW can identify applications regardless of port, inspect application behavior, enforce policy based on application identity, and block malicious or risky applications that traditional firewalls may allow if they use permitted ports such as TCP 80 or 443. Therefore, option D is the best answer. DDoS protection is usually handled by dedicated DDoS mitigation systems, upstream scrubbing services, rate limiting, or cloud-based DDoS protection rather than being the defining function of a data center NGFW. Unauthorized analyzers and rogue APs are not the primary threat categories addressed by a data center NGFW; rogue AP detection is more aligned with wireless security and WIPS/WIDS. The key ENCOR concept is that NGFWs add application awareness, user/context-based policy, intrusion prevention, malware inspection, and advanced threat defense to traditional stateful firewalling. References/topics: ENCOR Security, Cisco Threat Defense, next-generation firewall, application control, malware prevention, data center security.

Auto-RP is used in Protocol Independent Multicast sparse-mode environments to distribute rendezvous point information automatically. In PIM sparse mode, multicast routers must know which RP is responsible for specific multicast group ranges. Without a dynamic RP-discovery mechanism, administrators would have to configure RP information manually across routers. Auto-RP solves that by allowing candidate RPs to announce themselves and mapping agents to advertise group-to-RP mappings throughout the multicast domain. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect because Auto-RP does not distribute IGMP traffic; IGMP operates between hosts and local multicast routers to manage group membership. Option C is wrong because Auto-RP does not automate leaf-router configuration generally; it specifically distributes RP mapping information. Option D is also inaccurate because Auto-RP does not perform an election in the same way as BSR. It advertises candidate RP and mapping-agent information so routers can learn RP mappings. The key ENCOR concept is multicast control-plane discovery for PIM sparse-mode RP selection. References/topics: ENCOR multicast, PIM sparse mode, Auto-RP, rendezvous point discovery, multicast group-to-RP mapping.

The correct answer is A. client.

In Cisco 802.1X / network admission control terminology, the supplicant is the endpoint device or client software requesting access to the network. Cisco documentation describes 802.1X as a client-server access control model in which the client must be authenticated before gaining ac cess, and the network device relays authentication messages between the supplicant and the authentication server.

Client = Supplicant

SW1 = Authenticator

RADIUS server = Authentication server

R1 = transit/network infrastructure device, not the supplicant

The supplicant is the device that is trying to join the network and provide credentials. In the diagram, that is the client. Cisco also defines the three 802.1X entities as supplicant system, authentication system, and authentication server system, with the supplicant being the endpoint such as a PC.

B. SW1 SW1 functions as the authenticator, controlling access to the network port and relaying EAP messages.

C. RADIUS server The RADIUS server is the authentication server, not the supplicant.

D. R1 R1 is part of the network path in the figure, but it is not the device requesting admission to the network.

ENCOR exam point:

For 802.1X / NAC questions, remember this trio:

Supplicant = endpoint/client

Authenticator = switch or AP controlling access

Authentication server = RADIUS / Cisco ISE

A virtual switch, or vSwitch, is a software-based switching construct inside a hypervisor. Its primary role is to provide Layer 2 connectivity between virtual machines on the same host and to connect those virtual machines to external physical networks through physical NIC uplinks. Option A is correct because VMs connected to the same vSwitch or port group can communicate within the virtualized server without requiring traffic to leave the physical host, depending on the design and security policy. Option B is not generally correct; a vSwitch can be efficient, but it is not inherently higher performing than dedicated hardware switching. Option C is wrong because a vSwitch is not simply a hub. It learns MAC addresses and forwards traffic appropriately, although broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast behavior can still exist like normal Ethernet switching. Option D is also wrong because a basic vSwitch is primarily a Layer 2 switching component, not a replacement for advanced hardware routing platforms. This is an ENCOR virtualization foundation question. References/topics: ENCOR Virtualization, hypervisors, virtual switching, vNICs, port groups, VM-to-VM communication.