Pass the Huawei HCIA-Security H12-711_V4.0 Questions and answers with Dumpstech

In Huawei firewall hot standby, the heartbeat link is mainly used to maintain the backup relationship and monitor peer status. Through this link, the two firewalls periodically exchange heartbeat packets to confirm whether the peer device is alive and operating normally. This makes statement B correct. The heartbeat link also carries VGMP-related packets , which help the devices determine their active or standby roles and decide whether a switchover is necessary when faults or status changes occur. Therefore, statement C is also correct.

In addition, the firewalls can exchange configuration consistency check information to verify whether key configurations on both devices match, so statement D is correct as well.

The incorrect statement is A . Configuration and status synchronization between hot standby firewalls is not described simply as heartbeat packets being used to synchronize configuration commands and status information. Heartbeat packets are mainly for liveness detection and status maintenance , while configuration or session synchronization is handled by dedicated hot standby synchronization mechanisms rather than ordinary heartbeat packets themselves. Therefore, A is the incorrect statement.

A. Scanning attacks → Attackers use ICMP packets to probe the target IP address to identify active hosts that connect to the target network.

B. Malformed packet attacks → Attackers send considerable malformed packets in an attempt to crash targeted hosts or servers.

C. Special packet control attacks → Such attacks are reconnaissance activities for attacks but not real attacks. That is, attackers send special packets to probe network structures.

In HCIA-Security, single-packet attacks are commonly categorized by the purpose and structure of the packets being sent. Scanning attacks are mainly used to discover targets and collect information before a real attack begins. A common example is using ICMP probe packets to identify whether hosts are alive and reachable on a network. This makes the ICMP host-discovery description the correct match for scanning attacks.

Malformed packet attacks involve sending packets with abnormal, invalid, or deliberately corrupted structures. Their purpose is to exploit weaknesses in protocol handling or operating system processing so that the target host, device, or server becomes unstable, crashes, or stops responding. Therefore, the description about sending many malformed packets to crash targets clearly matches this category.

Special packet control attacks are also more related to probing than direct destruction. In this case, attackers send specially crafted control or probe packets to learn network structure, device behavior, or service characteristics. These activities are considered reconnaissance rather than full attacks. That is why the description about probing network structures with special packets belongs to special packet control attacks.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

In a PKI, certificate revocation is mainly about requester authentication and approval, not about using one mandatory communication method. The RA is responsible for verifying the applicant’s identity and the legitimacy of the revocation request, then submitting the validated request to the CA. After approval, the CA updates the certificate status, typically by publishing an updated CRL or providing status through OCSP, so relying parties can detect that the certificate is no longer trustworthy.

A “signed and encrypted email” is only one possible way to send a revocation request, but it is not required. In practice, organizations may accept revocation requests through a portal, ticketing system, dedicated PKI management interface, phone with pre-agreed authentication, or other controlled channels. If email is used, digital signature can help prove the requester’s identity and protect integrity, while encryption is optional and depends on policy because the key need is authorization, not confidentiality.